一、誤認(rèn)為關(guān)系代詞whose只用于修飾人

whose用作疑問(wèn)代詞時(shí)，主要用于指人;但用作關(guān)系代詞時(shí)，它既可指人也可指物。如：

It was an island, whose name I have forgotten. 它是一座島，名字我忘了。

The factory, whose workers are all women, is closed during the holidays. 這家工廠工人都是婦女，在假期中工廠關(guān)門(mén)了。

二、混淆定語(yǔ)從句與并列句

請(qǐng)看下面兩題：

1. He has two children, and both of _________ are abroad.

A. them B. which C. whom D. who

2. He has two children, both of _________ are abroad.

A. them B. which C. whom D. who

第1題選A，第2題選C。由于第1題中用了并列連詞and，從而使整個(gè)句子為并列句，and后應(yīng)是一個(gè)獨(dú)立的簡(jiǎn)單句，所以選A不選C;第2題沒(méi)有并列連詞and，both of whom are abroad為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。另外，請(qǐng)比較下面一題：

He has two children, both of _________ being abroad.

A. them B. which C. whom D. who

此題答案為A，其中的both of them being abroad為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，用作狀語(yǔ)。

請(qǐng)?jiān)倏匆唤M類(lèi)似的例子：

1. He wrote a lot of novels, many of _________ translated into foreign languages.

A. it B. them C. which D. that

2. He wrote a lot of novels, many of _________ were translated into foreign languages.

A. it B. them C. which D. that

第1應(yīng)選B，而不能選C，是因?yàn)榫渲械?translated 是過(guò)去分詞(非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞)，若選C，則該從句無(wú)謂語(yǔ);第2應(yīng)選C，因?yàn)榫渲杏兄^語(yǔ) were translated。比較下面一例：

He wrote a lot of novels, and many of _________ were translated into foreign languages.

A. it B. them C. which D. that

此題與上面的第2題不同，兩句間多了一個(gè)并列連詞and，說(shuō)明這是一個(gè)并列句，故應(yīng)選B，則不能選C。

三、混淆關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞

有的同學(xué)一看到先行詞是表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因的名詞，就認(rèn)為一定要用關(guān)系副詞，其實(shí)也不一定。在此情況下，還要看關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中是用作什么成分，若是用作狀語(yǔ)，則用關(guān)系副詞，若不是用作狀語(yǔ)(如用作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等)則不能用關(guān)系副詞，而用關(guān)系代詞。比較：

This is the factory where I want to work. 這就是我想工作的工廠。(work為不及物動(dòng)詞where在從句中用作狀語(yǔ))

This is the factory that I want to visit. 這就是我想?yún)⒂^的工廠。(visit為及物動(dòng)詞，that用作visit的賓語(yǔ))

The reason why he can’t come is that he is ill. 他沒(méi)來(lái)的是因?yàn)樗×恕?come為不及物動(dòng)詞，why在定語(yǔ)從句中用作狀語(yǔ))

The reason that he put forth is very important. 他提出的理由很重要。(put forth為及物動(dòng)詞，that在定語(yǔ)從句中用作其賓語(yǔ))