Ⅳ. 主語(yǔ)前、后加表“數(shù)、量”等的修飾語(yǔ)時(shí)：

1. a)“many a + 單名 ”接單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)：“a good (great ) many + 復(fù)名”接復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)。e.g.

①M(fèi)any a fine man has died for it . 許多優(yōu)秀戰(zhàn)士為此獻(xiàn)出了生命。

②A great many parents were present at the meeting . 許多家長(zhǎng)出席了會(huì)議。

b)"a / an + 單名+ or two " 大多接單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)： "one or two + 復(fù)名"接復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)。e.g.

①Only a word or two is (are )needed. 只需說(shuō)一兩句。

②One or two reasoms were suggested . 提出一兩條理由。

c)"a / an + 單名+ and a half"常接單數(shù)謂語(yǔ);“one and a half +復(fù)名”多接復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)。e.g.

①A year and a half has passed . 一年半已過(guò)去了。

②One and a half tons of rice are sold . 已賣(mài)了一噸半大米。

d) "more than one + 單名"大多接單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)。e.g.

①M(fèi)ore than one person was (were )absent . 不止一個(gè)人缺席。

"more + 復(fù)名+ than one "接復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)。e.g.

②More students than one have been there . 不止一個(gè)學(xué)生去過(guò)那兒。

"more than two (three,…)+復(fù)名 " 接復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)。e.g.

③More than one hundred students have attended the concert . 不止一百名學(xué)生聽(tīng)了這場(chǎng)音樂(lè)會(huì)。

2. 主語(yǔ)前加表示“單位、度量”的短語(yǔ)如“a kind (sort / type / form /pair /cup /glass /piece / load / block / box / handful / quantity / ton / metre /… )of”等時(shí)，表示“單位、度量”的這個(gè)名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)決定謂語(yǔ)形式。e.g.

a)①There is only a small quantity of paper (books ) left . 只剩下少量的紙(書(shū))了。

②Large quantities of water are needed . 需要大量的水。

b)①This kind of apple is sweet . 這種蘋(píng)果甜。

②This kind of apples is (are) sweet . (大多依 kind ，作單數(shù)用 )

③These kind(s) of apple(s) are sweet . (總作復(fù)數(shù)用)

但:Apples of this kind are sweet . (總作復(fù)數(shù)用)

3. 主語(yǔ)后接“with…”等構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)修飾成分時(shí)：謂語(yǔ)仍須與這類(lèi)短語(yǔ)前的“主語(yǔ)”一致。可構(gòu)成這類(lèi)短語(yǔ)的常用“with ,along with ,together with ,as well as , but , besides , except ,added to , including , like ,no less than , rather than , more than ”等。e.g.

①A woman with two children has come . 一位婦女帶著兩個(gè)孩子來(lái)了。

②I as well as they am ready to help you . 不僅他們，我也愿幫助你。

4. "one of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞+ 定語(yǔ)從句"：

1)定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞通常是這個(gè)“復(fù)數(shù)名詞”，因此從句的謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。e.g.

①This is one of the best novels that have appeared this year . 這是今年出版的最佳小說(shuō)之一。(關(guān)系詞“that”代“novels”)

②He was one of the boys who were praised . 他是受表?yè)P(yáng)的男孩之一。

2)若“one”前加“this, the ,the only ”等時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞指代one，作從句主語(yǔ)時(shí)，接單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)。e.g.

He was the only one of the boys who was praaised .他是男孩中唯一受到表?yè)P(yáng)的。(關(guān)系詞who 代 the only one )

【意義一致原則(Notional Concord)】

I. 集合名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)：(參見(jiàn)“名詞”部分)

1. 有些通常作復(fù)數(shù)用(不變?cè)~形)。如：“people , police , cattle (牛，牲口)，folk , youth , militia (民兵)”，等。e.g.

The police have caught the murderer .警方已捕獲兇手。

2. 有些指“整體”時(shí)作單數(shù)，指其中的“成員”時(shí)作復(fù)數(shù)(不變?cè)~形)。如 "army , audience(聽(tīng)眾),class ,club (俱樂(lè)部) ,company(公司), committee(委員會(huì)) ,crew ,crowd ,staff(員工) ,family ,public ,government ,group ,party ,union ,couple ,population ,team ."等。e.g.

①Our family is a happy one . 我們有個(gè)幸福的家庭。

②The family are early risers . 這家人都起得早。

③The public are (is )requested not to litter . 請(qǐng)公眾不要亂扔廢棄物。

但上述集合名詞也可有復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：families , two classes .等。有些變復(fù)數(shù)形式后意義不同。如：peoples多個(gè)民族。 youths男青年。 folks親友。