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用疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句叫做特殊疑問(wèn)句。回答特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)不能用yes或no。用降調(diào)。為了便于理解、掌握特殊疑問(wèn)句，我們把疑問(wèn)詞分為三類：
疑問(wèn)代詞：what，who，Which，whose，whom
疑問(wèn)副詞：when，where，why，how
疑問(wèn)形容詞：what(which，whose)+名詞
1疑問(wèn)代詞的用法
1.what引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句
此類疑問(wèn)句可以對(duì)主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)提問(wèn)。
a.對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問(wèn)
What is in your pocket?
你口袋里有什么?
這個(gè)問(wèn)題可以有兩種回答：
a：There is an egg in it.
在口袋里有一個(gè)蛋。
b：An egg is(in it).
一個(gè)蛋(在里面)。
What’s in the room?
屋子里有什么?
There are a lot of chairs in it.
=A 1ot of chairs are in it.有許多椅子。
注意
回答此句型的問(wèn)題時(shí)，答句的單復(fù)數(shù)根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定。
b.對(duì)賓語(yǔ)提問(wèn)
What did you buy?你買了什么?
I bought a bike.我買了輛自行車。
c.對(duì)表語(yǔ)提問(wèn)
What is this?這是什么?
It’s a bench.這是一條長(zhǎng)凳。
What is your mother?你媽媽是干什么的?
注意
What is +人?此句型是問(wèn)人的職業(yè)，一般譯為“是干什么的?”
She is a teacher.她是個(gè)老師。
2.Who，whom，whose引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句
此類疑問(wèn)句可以對(duì)主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)提問(wèn)。
Who broke the window?(對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問(wèn))
誰(shuí)打破了窗戶?
who可以對(duì)主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)提問(wèn)。whom是who的賓格，對(duì)賓語(yǔ)提問(wèn)，但在口語(yǔ)中who可以代替whom。
Li Ming did.李明打破的。
Who is that woman?(對(duì)表語(yǔ)提問(wèn))
那個(gè)女人是誰(shuí)?
She is my mother.她是我媽媽。(關(guān)系)
或者：She is Rose.她是羅思。(姓名)
注意
Who is +人?是詢問(wèn)某人的姓名或與人關(guān)系的問(wèn)句。與What is +人?(問(wèn)人的職業(yè))不同。
Whose is this umbrella?這傘是誰(shuí)的?
This umbrella is my sister’s.
這傘是我姐姐的。
注意
whose之后如果沒(méi)有名詞時(shí)，表示“誰(shuí)的(東西)……”。
Which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句此類疑問(wèn)句可以對(duì)主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)提問(wèn)。
Which is Tom’s?(對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問(wèn))哪個(gè)是湯姆的?
This is his.這是他的。
Which does he want?(對(duì)賓語(yǔ)提問(wèn))
他想要哪一個(gè)?
He wants the green one.他想要那個(gè)綠色的。
注意
疑問(wèn)詞what，who，which在句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，語(yǔ)序是陳述句語(yǔ)序。
2疑問(wèn)形容詞的用法
what，which，whose后面跟上名詞時(shí)，這三個(gè)疑問(wèn)詞起形容詞作用。
What sports do you like?(對(duì)賓語(yǔ)提問(wèn))
你喜歡什么運(yùn)動(dòng)?
I like basketball.我喜歡籃球。
Whose pens are these?(對(duì)表語(yǔ)提問(wèn))
這些是誰(shuí)的鋼筆?
They are Li Ming’s.這些是李明的。
Whose father died two years ago?(對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問(wèn))
兩年前誰(shuí)的父親死了?
Which picture did you take?(對(duì)賓語(yǔ)提問(wèn))
哪一張照片是你拍的?
I took the one on the right.
右邊的那一張是我拍的。
3疑問(wèn)副詞的用法
句型：疑問(wèn)副詞+一般疑問(wèn)句的語(yǔ)序～?
(疑問(wèn)副詞在句中作狀語(yǔ)，所以它們不可能對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問(wèn))
1.when引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句：詢問(wèn)時(shí)間
When were you born?你何時(shí)出生?
(I was born)on June 5，1962.
我是1962年6月5日出生的。
注意
when引起的疑問(wèn)句，都可用簡(jiǎn)略式回答，只回答出時(shí)間就可以了。
When will you go to Japan?你什么時(shí)候去日本?
(I’ll go there)next year.我明年去那兒。
when問(wèn)的是具體時(shí)間，所以不能和完成時(shí)連用。
(×)When have you been here?
(○)How long have you been here?
你呆在這里有多久了?
(○)When did you come here?
你什么時(shí)候來(lái)這里的?
2.where引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句：詢問(wèn)地點(diǎn)、場(chǎng)所
Where do you live?你住在哪兒?
(I live in)Beijing.(可以簡(jiǎn)略回答出地點(diǎn))
我住在北京。
Where are you going?你準(zhǔn)備去什么地方?
I am going to Japan.我準(zhǔn)備去日本。
3.why引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句：詢問(wèn)原因
它的回答只能用because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句。
Why are you late?你為什么遲到?
Because I met the accident.
因?yàn)槲矣錾宪嚨溋恕?/p>
Why didn’t you see the movie?
=Why did you not see the movie?
你為什么不去看那部電影?
Because I had seen it before.
因?yàn)槲乙呀?jīng)看過(guò)了。
4.how引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句：可分為兩類
a." How…?"how可單獨(dú)地置于疑問(wèn)句的句首。
詢問(wèn)如何地做某事即做某事的方法、手段及健康、天氣……
How do you go to school?(問(wèn)方式)
I go to school by bus.我坐公共汽車。
How are you?(問(wèn)健康)你身體怎樣?
I’m fine. Thank you!我很好。謝謝你。
How is the weather today?(問(wèn)天氣)
今天天氣如何?
It’s cloudy.今天多云。
表示方式、方法、手段的介詞
1.by ：表示交通工具，用哪一種方式
by bus 搭公車
by train 搭火車
by bike 騎自行車
by air =by plane 乘飛機(jī)
by sea =by ship 乘船
此時(shí)，名詞前不加冠詞。
2.with ：表示工具、器官……
with a pen 用筆
with a pencil 用鉛筆
with my mouth 用我的嘴
with my eyes 用我的眼睛
How did you eat ? 你怎樣吃的?
I eat with a spoon . 我用勺吃。
此時(shí)的名詞前要加冠詞或代詞。
3.in ：表示方法
I say in English .
我用英語(yǔ)說(shuō)。
其他：in ink 用墨水……
注意
How……?
How are you ?
How do you do ?
你好嗎?
How about ～?
= How about ～?
如何?
How do you like～?
=What do you think of ～?
你覺(jué)得怎樣?
b：How +形容詞(副詞)～?
詢問(wèn)年齡、身高、數(shù)量、次數(shù)、距離……
How many 多少(可數(shù)名詞)How many sisters do you have?
How much 多少(不可數(shù)名詞)How much is the book?
How old 多大 (歲數(shù)) How old are you?
How tall 多高 (人，樹(shù)) How tall is that tree?
How long 多少時(shí)間 (多久)How long will you stay here?
多長(zhǎng) (長(zhǎng)度) How long is the rope?
How often 多久(頻率)How often do you visit here?
How soon 多塊(時(shí)間) How soon will he be back?
How far 多遠(yuǎn)(距離)How far is it from A to B?
How high 多高 (山) How high is Mt.Fujin?富士山有多高?
