含義：主謂一致，即謂語動詞在人稱和數(shù)上要和主語保持一致。
分類：主謂一致包括語法一致、意義一致和就近一致。
一. 語法一致原則
即在語法形式上取得一致，謂語動詞的單復數(shù)形式由主語的單復數(shù)形式?jīng)Q定。
1. 單數(shù)名詞、不可數(shù)名詞、單個動詞不定式短語、動名詞短語以及句子作主語時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。
例如：To see is to believe.
眼見為實。
Reading aloud is very important in learning English.
學習英語時大聲朗讀非常重要。
注意：what引導的主語從句充當主語時，有時要以what所指代的詞的意義來決定謂語動詞的數(shù)。
例如：What he said is true.
他所說的是真的。
What we need are more volunteers.
我們所需要的是更多的志愿者。
2. 由連接詞and或both … and連接的名詞、動詞不定式短語、動名詞短語以及句子作主語時，謂語動詞要用復數(shù)形式。
例如：Both his father and his mother are advanced workers.
他的爸爸和媽媽都是先進工作者。
注意：有時，一些用and連接的主語表達的卻是單數(shù)的概念，這時謂語動詞也應用單數(shù)形式。
(1)用and連接的名詞表示同一人、同一物或同一概念作主語時
例如：Bread and butter is nutritious for patients.
黃油面包對病人很有營養(yǎng)。
Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.
早睡早起使人健康、富有和聰明。
The secretary and manager was speaking at the meeting.
那位書記兼經(jīng)理在會上講話。
(2)“each/every/no/ many a + 單數(shù)名詞+ and +each/every/no/many a + 單數(shù)名詞”作主語時。
例如：Every hour and every minute is precious.
每一小時，每一分鐘，都很寶貴。
No man and no woman is not allowed to enterthe hall.
每個人都不允許進入大廳。
3. “名詞+as well as,rather than, like, but, expect, besides, with, together with, along with,including, in addition to+ 名詞”結構作主語時，謂語動詞同第一個名詞的數(shù)保持一致。
例如：Tom as well as two of his friends was invited to the party.
湯姆以及他的兩個朋友一起被邀請參加宴會了。
Nobody but one teacher and three students was in the lab.
實驗室只有一個老師和三個學生。
4. “more than one 或many a + 單數(shù)名詞”作主語時，盡管其意義為復數(shù)，但謂語動詞還是用單數(shù)形式。
例如：More than one student is against the decision.
不止一個學生反對這個決定。
Many a page in this book is missing.
這本書缺了許多頁。
5. 不定代詞either, neither,each, every 或no +單數(shù)名詞和由some, any, no, every與thing, body, one構成的復合不定代詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。
例如：Nothing in the world moves faster than light.
世上沒有什么東西比光傳播得更快。
Each one of us has his own duty.
我們每個人都有自己的職責。
注意：若none of后面的名詞是不可數(shù)名詞，它的謂語動詞就要用單數(shù)形式;若它后面的名詞是復數(shù)，它的謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式或復數(shù)形式都可以。
例如：None of the money has been spent on repairs.
這筆錢沒有花費在維修方面。
None of the passengers were/was aware of the danger.
乘客中沒有一個意識到危險的存在。
6. 由“a lot of, lots of,plenty of, the rest of, the majority of + 名詞”構成的短語以及由“分數(shù)或百分數(shù)+名詞”構成的短語作主語時，其謂語動詞的數(shù)要根據(jù)短語中后面名詞的數(shù)而定。
例如：The majority of doctors believe smoking is harmful to health.
大多數(shù)醫(yī)生都認為吸煙有害健康。
The rest of the books were returned to thelibrary.
其余的書都歸還給圖書館了。
7.“a large amount of + 不可數(shù)名詞”結構作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式;“l(fā)arge amounts of +不可數(shù)名詞”結構作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。
例如：A large amount of damage was done in a short time.
在短時間內就造成了巨大的損失。
